Is e331ii vegan?
E331ii is a vegan food ingredient.
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"You are amazing, this has saved me so much time when grocery shopping!"
— Austin, a user who reached out with feedback
"It's been a great tool since starting my journey! You take a pic of the nutrition/ingredients, and it'll warn you of anything questionable or not vegan. 😁"
— Ashe, a Vegan For Beginners Facebook Group member
"Use a vegan app when you go shopping, I use WhatsVegan."
— Dóra, a Vegan For Beginners Facebook Group member
So, what is e331ii?
E331ii is the European food additive code for disodium citrate, which is a sodium salt of citric acid. It is produced by neutralizing citric acid with an inorganic mineral base, such as sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate. The citric acid component is manufactured through the microbial fermentation of plant-based carbohydrates, such as corn syrup or molasses, typically using the fungus Aspergillus niger. Disodium citrate functions primarily as a buffering agent, acidity regulator, and emulsifier. It is commonly found in packaged goods including soft drinks, jams, jellies, confectionery, baking mixes, and dairy alternatives.
disodium citrate is vegan because it is derived entirely from plant, microbial, and mineral sources. The raw materials involve sugar substrates and inorganic chemical compounds, with no animal tissue, animal fluids, or animal-derived processing aids used during any stage of synthesis.
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