Is e331iii vegan?
E331iii is a vegan food ingredient.
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"You are amazing, this has saved me so much time when grocery shopping!"
— Austin, a user who reached out with feedback
"It's been a great tool since starting my journey! You take a pic of the nutrition/ingredients, and it'll warn you of anything questionable or not vegan. 😁"
— Ashe, a Vegan For Beginners Facebook Group member
"Use a vegan app when you go shopping, I use WhatsVegan."
— Dóra, a Vegan For Beginners Facebook Group member
So, what is e331iii?
E331iii is the European food additive code for trisodium citrate, the tribasic sodium salt of citric acid. It is commercially manufactured by neutralizing citric acid with an inorganic sodium base, typically sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate. The citric acid required for this reaction is produced through the microbial fermentation of simple plant-derived sugars, such as molasses or corn starch hydrolysate, using the mold Aspergillus niger.
Food manufacturers utilize trisodium citrate primarily as an acidity regulator, emulsifying agent, and preservative. It frequently appears on labels for carbonated soft drinks, commercial plant milks, energy drinks, jams, gelatin-free candies, and dairy alternatives to balance tartness and stabilize liquid mixtures.
E331iii is vegan because its production relies entirely on plant, microbial, and mineral inputs. No animal tissues, animal byproducts, or animal-derived processing aids are involved in the fermentation or chemical neutralization stages, making the resulting additive suitable for a vegan diet.
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